Android updates don’t matter anywhere near as much as they used to.
Most Android devices don’t get timely operating system updates, but
Google is updating more and more of the Android operating system in the
background.
This is Google’s real plan for battling Android fragmentation: Update
as much of the operating system and its apps as possible without going
through device manufacturers or carriers. Older devices aren’t as
outdated as they used to be.
Android 4.2, 4.3, and 4.4 Are Minor Updates
Android updates were once extremely important. For example, when
Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich came out, it brought an entirely
redesigned interface, performance improvements, and even APIs limited to
Android 4.0. Certain apps wouldn’t run on devices without Android 4.0.
Google Chrome required Android 4.0, so devices that were never upgraded
from Android 2.3 Gingerbread still can’t use Google Chrome today. The
leap to Android 4.0 was huge. Android 4.1 was also extremely important, making the interface much more smooth and less laggy with “Project Butter.”
Compared to Android 4.0 and Android 4.1, the most recent versions of Android are minor updates. Android 4.4
is the biggest update, bringing significantly reduced memory usage —
but, if you have a device that came with a recent version of Android, it
probably already runs well and these memory reductions are only nice to
have.
Google Play Services Updates
Google is updating Android without actually updating the Android
operating system. When a manufacturer wants to release an Android
device, they have to negotiate an agreement with Google to get the
Google Play Store and Google apps on their devices. As part of this
agreement, Google reserves the right to update the Google Play Services
component of Android on their own. This component automatically updates
in the background on your Android device, and there’s no way for you —
or the device’s manufacturer — to stop this from occurring.
Google has been adding quite a few features to Android through Google
Play Services. These updates affect devices all the way back to Android
2.3 Gingerbread and 2.2 Froyo, released in 2010.
For example, Google has added the Android Device Manager device-tracking feature
to nearly all Android devices thanks to a Google Play Services update.
Just open the Google Settings app — this entire app was added via a Play
Services update — tap Android Device Manager, and enable it. Google has
also added an app-scanning feature that scans sideloaded apps for malware
if you choose to enable it, making older devices more secure. These
user-facing features were added to the Android operating system via a
Play Services update without any interference from device manufacturers
or carriers.
Google has also added new APIs for developers to use, including a more
efficient location API that dramatically reduces battery usage. The old
method required each separate app to wake up the GPS hardware and
determine your location on its own.
These are the kind of updates that would require a complete operating
system update on other platforms. However, Google has managed to perform
an end-run around the carriers and manufacturers slowing things down and release updates for nearly all Android devices. If your device has the Play Store, Google is updating it.
Official Google Apps in Google Play
Google has also split more and more apps out of Android, releasing
them as apps in the Play Store. This means that the app can be updated
without updating the Android operating system, but it also means that
you can install the app on old versions of Android.
Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Keyboard, Hangouts, Chrome, Google
Maps, Drive, YouTube, Keep, Google+, the Google search app — these are
all apps that update regularly from Google Play and can be installed on
older devices. On Apple’s iOS, an update to a system app like Mail,
Calendar, Messages, or Safari would require a completely new version of
the iOS operating system. On Android, they’re automatically updating for
everyone.
Android 4.4’s Google Experience Launcher
has even been rolled out to other devices via an update to the Google
Search app. You can easily enable it by sideloading a small enabler app.
The Google Experience Launcher may eventually be available for easy,
official installation on older devices.
What Will Still Require Operating System Updates
Certain things still require operating system updates. Operating
system-level features like multiple user accounts, memory usage
reductions, or support for new hardware standards like Bluetooth 4.0
can’t be rolled out in the background. They require new versions of the
core operating system.
However, these updates are becoming less and less significant. Google
is rolling out as many new features as possible via Play Services
updates and app updates. They’re splitting out more and more apps from
the Android operating system, making them available in Google Play so
every device can update to them.
The reality is Android updates have become less and less significant.
If you have a device with Android 4.1 or 4.2, you still have a very
modern Android experience with most of the latest features. You can
still use all the latest apps because Google has given you the latest
APIs. Nevermind the version numbers — Android fragmentation is
improving.
This is Google’s plan to battle Android fragmentation, both for
developers and users. Developers get access to the same APIs across all
Android devices, while users get access to features and new apps
quicker. So far, it seems to be working.
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